Book cover Center for Alpine Construction 2018–2022. Interdisciplinary contributions to structural redensification

Zentrum Alpines Bauen 2018–2022. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Building Densification

Zentrum Alpines Bauen 2018–2022. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Building Densification

This publication summarizes the results of Zentrum Alpines Bauen’s first funding period, from 2018 to 2022.

Publications 2020

Publications 2020

COOLSKIN—Self-sufficient cooling via building envelopes. Mach, T., Heinz, A., Brandl, D., Schlager, T., Rennhofer, M., Selke, T., Grantner, H., Hinteregger, M., Gerald, Z., Reinberg, G. W., Grobbauer, M., Reckenzaun, J., Grabmaier, S., & Müller, M. J. (2020).COOLSKIN—Self-sufficient cooling via building envelopes. (Energy Research Program—1st call for proposals). Climate and Energy Fund. https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/coolskin-autarkes-k%C3%BChlen-%C3%BCber-geb%C3%A4udeh%C3%BCllen/ Survey of an […]

Download link for the timber construction system with registration

Download link for the timber construction system with registration

The center offers a free timber construction system for the vertical densification of multi-story residential buildings from the 1950s to the 1970s. The system includes a component catalog, construction details, preliminary structural calculations, and a system manual.

Publications 2026

Publications 2026

Bridging the renovation data gap: A novel method for estimating renovation activity and rates from energy performance certificates Heidenthaler, D., Leeb, M., & Löffler, G. (2026). Bridging the renovation data gap: A novel method for estimating renovation activity and rates from energy performance certificates. Energy and Buildings. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116892https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/bridging-the-renovation-data-gap-a-novel-method-for-estimating-re/

Publications 2025

Publications 2025

Using Co-Simulation to Capture Sector Coupling Dynamics in Low-Temperature Anergy Systems. Vereno, D., Lugmair, M., Gross, J.-A., Leeb, M., & Neureiter, C. (im Druck). Using Co-Simulation to Capture Sector Coupling Dynamics in Low-Temperature Anergy Systems. In IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech) 2025 IEEE Power & Energy Society. https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/using-co-simulation-to-capture-sector-coupling-dynamics-in-low-te/ Options for reusable designs: with a focus […]

Publications 2024

Publications 2024

Trends in energy performance certificate data: A comparative study of building stock characteristics. Heidenthaler, D., & Leeb, M. (2024). Trends in energy performance certificate data: A comparative study of building stock characteristics. In BauSim Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.26868/29761662.2024.37 https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/trends-in-energy-performance-certificate-data-a-comparative-study/ The strategic realignment of research at the Salzburg University of Applied Sciences as part of an organizational […]

Publications 2023

Publications 2023

Automated energy performance certificate based urban building energy modelling approach for predicting heat load profiles of districts. Heidenthaler, D., Deng, Y., Leeb, M., Grobbauer, M., Kranzl, L., Seiwald, L., Mascherbauer, P., Reindl, P., & Bednar, T. (2023). Automated energy performance certificate based urban building energy modelling approach for predicting heat load profiles of districts. Energy, […]

Publications 2022

Publications 2022

Continuing to build on existing structures, affordable housing, and climate protection—an example. Eitzinger-Lange, L., Gugg, B., Leeb, M., Lüftenegger, P., Mair am Tinkhof, O., Wieder, E., & Fuchshofer, R. (2022). Continuing to build on existing structures, affordable housing, and climate protection—an example. In Renovated buildings in good company: BauZ! Vienna Congress for Sustainable Building (Volume […]

Publications 2021

Publications 2021

Comparative analysis of thermally activated building systems in wooden and concrete structures regarding functionality and energy storage on a simulation-based approach. Heidenthaler, D., Leeb, M., Schnabel, T., & Huber, H. (2021). Comparative analysis of thermally activated building systems in wooden and concrete structures regarding functionality and energy storage on a simulation-based approach. Energy, 233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121138 […]

Publications 2019

Publications 2019

Simulation Model for Minimal Invasive Refurbishment Approaches Through Prefabricated Multifunctional Radiant Heating Façade Elements. Bayer, M., Karnutsch, M., Grobbauer, M., Gnigler, M., & Leeb, M. (2019). Simulation Model for Minimal Invasive Refurbishment Approaches Through Prefabricated Multifunctional Radiant Heating Façade Elements. In Proceedings of Building Simulation 2019: 16th Conference of IBPSA (S. 1770-1777). (Building Simulation Conference […]

Zentrum Alpines Bauen 2018–2022. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Building Densification

From 2018 to 2022, the Alpine Construction Research and Transfer Center focused on three interdisciplinary research areas: energy and resource optimization, climate-adapted construction, and, as a central cross-cutting issue, redensification as a contribution to the internal development of settlement areas and as a lever for increasing added value and thus financing building renovation. The focus of the content was determined with the involvement of relevant regional strategies.
The project partners were the Salzburg University of Applied Sciences with the Smart Building and Smart City research area as consortium leader and Research Studios Austria Forschungsgesellschaft mbH with the Research Studio iSPACE Smart Settlement Systems as cooperation partner.
The research and transfer activities were accompanied by a nine-member project advisory board with representatives from interest groups and public administration.


The publication summarizes the results and prototypes from this first funding period of the Center for Alpine Construction.

Publications 2020

COOLSKIN—Self-sufficient cooling via building envelopes.

Mach, T., Heinz, A., Brandl, D., Schlager, T., Rennhofer, M., Selke, T., Grantner, H., Hinteregger, M., Gerald, Z., Reinberg, G. W., Grobbauer, M., Reckenzaun, J., Grabmaier, S., & Müller, M. J. (2020).
COOLSKIN—Self-sufficient cooling via building envelopes. (Energy Research Program—1st call for proposals). Climate and Energy Fund.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/coolskin-autarkes-k%C3%BChlen-%C3%BCber-geb%C3%A4udeh%C3%BCllen/

Survey of an exhaust ventilation system in combination with a drain water heat recovery for social housing.

Wieder, E., Bayer, M., Reiter, T., & Leeb, M. (2020).
Survey of an exhaust ventilation system in combination with a drain water heat recovery for social housing. In ASHRAE Transactions (Band 126, S. 189-195). American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/survey-of-an-exhaust-ventilation-system-in-combination-with-a-dra/
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.085095425377&partnerID=40&md5=761e9861e44a19da15ed40ecd5d0a853

Thermal modeling of complex fenestration systems: Comparison with long-term measurements on an office façade mock-up.

Hauer, M., Grobbauer, M., Holper, S., & PlÖrer, D. (2020).
Thermal modeling of complex fenestration systems: Comparison with long-term measurements on an office façade mock-up. Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 26(2), 101-114.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/thermal-modeling-of-complex-fenestration-systems-comparison-with-/
https://doi.org/10.1080/23744731.2019.1614863

Download link for the timber construction system with registration

The center offers a free timber construction system for the vertical densification of multi-story residential buildings from the 1950s to the 1970s. The system includes a component catalog, construction details, preliminary structural calculations, and a system manual.

Publications 2026

Bridging the renovation data gap: A novel method for estimating renovation activity and rates from energy performance certificates

Heidenthaler, D., Leeb, M., & Löffler, G. (2026). Bridging the renovation data gap: A novel method for estimating renovation activity and rates from energy performance certificates. Energy and Buildings.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116892
https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/bridging-the-renovation-data-gap-a-novel-method-for-estimating-re/

Publications 2025

Using Co-Simulation to Capture Sector Coupling Dynamics in Low-Temperature Anergy Systems.

Vereno, D., Lugmair, M., Gross, J.-A., Leeb, M., & Neureiter, C. (im Druck).
Using Co-Simulation to Capture Sector Coupling Dynamics in Low-Temperature Anergy Systems. In IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech) 2025 IEEE Power & Energy Society.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/using-co-simulation-to-capture-sector-coupling-dynamics-in-low-te/

Options for reusable designs: with a focus on buildings with short useful lives.

Kindelbacher, S., & Dorsch, L. (2025).
Options for reusable designs: with a focus on buildings with short useful lives. In Continue building? How do you do that? : Conference proceedings 2025 (p. 5). IBO Verlag.

https://www.ibo.at/wissensverbreitung/ibo-publikationen/tagungsbaende-und-buecher
https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/optionen-f%C3%BCr-re-use-f%C3%A4hige-konstruktionen-mit-fokus-auf-geb%C3%A4ude-m-2/

Publications 2024

Trends in energy performance certificate data: A comparative study of building stock characteristics.

Heidenthaler, D., & Leeb, M. (2024). Trends in energy performance certificate data: A comparative study of building stock characteristics. In BauSim Conference Proceedings

https://doi.org/10.26868/29761662.2024.37

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/trends-in-energy-performance-certificate-data-a-comparative-study/

The strategic realignment of research at the Salzburg University of Applied Sciences as part of an organizational development process across the entire university.

Engel, D., Huber, S., Leeb, M., Leitner, M. C., Rieß-Just, C., Oostingh, G. J., & Warta, K. (2024). The strategic realignment of research at Salzburg University of Applied Sciences as part of a university-wide organizational development process. fteval JOURNAL for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, 56.

https://doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2024.656

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/die-strategische-neuausrichtung-der-forschung-an-der-fh-salzburg-/

Operation and maintenance of BIPV systems.

Lugmair, M., Martin Chievelet, N., Astigarraga, A., & Boddaert, S. (2024). Operation and maintenance of BIPV systems. In Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (Band 1st Edition, S. 167 – 172)

https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003432241-6

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/operation-and-maintenance-of-bipv-systems/

Options for reusable designs: with a focus on buildings with short useful lives.

Kindelbacher, S., & Dorsch, L. (2024, Jun). Options for reusable designs: with a focus on buildings with short useful lives.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/optionen-f%C3%BCr-re-use-f%C3%A4hige-konstruktionen-mit-fokus-auf-geb%C3%A4ude-m/

LoftConcept Parametric model solutions in solid wood construction for expanding existing buildings.

Grobbauer, M., Wieder, E., Steiner, B., Robbi, S., Gebetsroither, M., & Grobbauer, M. (2024). LoftConcept Parametric model solutions in solid wood construction for building extensions.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/loftconcept-parametrische-musterl%C3%B6sungen-in-holzmassivbauweise-f%C3%BC/

Reusing salvaged wood in buildings: Non-destructive-testing methods for early-stage decision making.

Seiwald, L., Keya, S., Hage, S., Pakarinen, T., Seidl, L., & Huber, H. (2024). Reusing salvaged wood in buildings: Nondestructive-testing methods for early-stage decision making.

https://puuinfo.fi/2024/06/18/reusing-salvaged-wood-inbuildings-non-destructive-testing-methods-for-early-stage-decision-making/?lang=en

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/reusing-salvaged-wood-in-buildings-non-destructive-testing-method/

Publications 2023

Automated energy performance certificate based urban building energy modelling approach for predicting heat load profiles of districts.

Heidenthaler, D., Deng, Y., Leeb, M., Grobbauer, M., Kranzl, L., Seiwald, L., Mascherbauer, P., Reindl, P., & Bednar, T. (2023).
Automated energy performance certificate based urban building energy modelling approach for predicting heat load profiles of districts. Energy, 278.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.128024
https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/automated-energy-performance-certificate-based-urban-building-ene/

Characterizing the energy flexibility of districts using urban building energy modelling.

Heidenthaler, D., Leeb, M., Moltinger, M., & Bednar, T. (2023).
Characterizing the energy flexibility of districts using urban building energy modelling. In Building Simulation Conference Proceedings

https://doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2023.1285
https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/characterizing-the-energy-flexibility-of-districts-using-urban-bu/

Modelling virtual sensors for real-time indoor comfort control.

Edtmayer, H., Brandl, D., Mach, T., Schlager, E., Gursch, H., Lugmair, M., & Hochenauer, C. (2023). Modelling virtual sensors for real-time indoor comfort control. J. Build. Eng., 67.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106040
https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/modelling-virtual-sensors-for-real-time-indoor-comfort-control/

Development of a timber construction system for redensification

Wieder, E., Gnigler, M., Schweiger, A., Grobbauer, M., & Grobbauer, M. (2023).
Development of a timber construction system for redensification — system description and application. In Zentrum Alpines Bauen 2018 to 2022

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/entwicklung-eines-holzbausystems-f%C3%BCr-die-nachverdichtung-systembe/

Center for Alpine Construction 2018–2022: Interdisciplinary contributions to structural redensification.

Moltinger, M., Seiwald, L., Leeb, M., Wieder, E., Heidenthaler, D., Reindl, P., & Grobbauer, M. (2023). Center for Alpine Construction 2018–2022: Interdisciplinary contributions to structural redensification.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/zentrum-alpines-bauen-20182022-interdisziplin%C3%A4re-beitr%C3%A4ge-zur-bau-2/

Publications 2022

Continuing to build on existing structures, affordable housing, and climate protection—an example.

Eitzinger-Lange, L., Gugg, B., Leeb, M., Lüftenegger, P., Mair am Tinkhof, O., Wieder, E., & Fuchshofer, R. (2022).
Continuing to build on existing structures, affordable housing, and climate protection—an example. In Renovated buildings in good company: BauZ! Vienna Congress for Sustainable Building (Volume 2022, pp. 13–19). IBO Verlag.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/weiterbauen-im-bestand-leistbares-wohnen-und-klimaschutz-ein-beis/

Building stock characteristics of residential buildings in Salzburg, Austria based on a structured analysis of energy performance certificates.

Heidenthaler, D., Leeb, M., Reindl, P., Kranzl, L., Bednar, T., & Moltinger, M. (2022).
Building stock characteristics of residential buildings in Salzburg, Austria based on a structured analysis of energy performance certificates. Energy Build., 273.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112401
https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/building-stock-characteristics-of-residential-buildings-in-salzbu/

Company-independent standardization of timber construction for urban densification of housing stock.

Wieder, E., Schweiger, A., Gnigler, M., & Grobbauer, M. (2022).
Company-independent standardization of timber construction for urban densification of housing stock. In 24th Int. Conf. on Timber Engineering and Wood Science, December 15-16, 2022 Rome

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/company-independent-standardization-of-timber-construction-for-ur/

A wood panel construction system for urban redensification in residential construction.

Wieder, E., Gnigler, M., Schweiger, A., & Grobbauer, M. (2022).
A timber panel construction system for urban redensification in residential construction. In 15th Research Forum of Austrian Universities of Applied Scienceshttp://ffhoarep.fhooe.at/handle/123456789/1547

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/ein-holztafel-bausystem-f%C3%BCr-die-urbane-nachverdichtung-im-wohnung/

Development of a timber construction system for adding additional stories to multi-story residential buildings from the 1950s to the 1980s.

Wieder, E., Gnigler, M., & Grobbauer, M. (2022).
Development of a timber construction system for adding additional stories to multi-story residential buildings from the 1950s to the 1980s. In Timber Construction Digital Symposium

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/entwicklung-eines-holzbausystems-f%C3%BCr-die-aufstockung-von-mehrgesc/

Wood construction system for redensification Building class 5: Results report.

Wieder, E., & Grobbauer, M. (2022).
Wood construction system for redensification Building class 5: Results report. In Symposium Alpine Construction 2022

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/holzbausystem-f%C3%BCr-die-nachverdichtung-geb%C3%A4udeklasse-5-ergebnisber/

Multifunctional wooden facade with component activation: workshop report.

Moltinger, M., & Grobbauer, M. (2022).
Multifunctional wooden facade with component activation: workshop report. In Symposium Alpine Construction 2022

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/multifunktionsfassade-aus-holz-mit-bauteilaktivierung-werkstattbe/

Specific systematization of timber construction to promote urban redensification of housing stock.

Schweiger, A., Wieder, E., Gnigler, M., & Grobbauer, M. (2022).
Specific systemization of timber building to promote urban redensification of housing stock. In Woodrise 2022

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/specific-systemization-of-timber-building-to-promote-urban-redens/

Publications 2021

Comparative analysis of thermally activated building systems in wooden and concrete structures regarding functionality and energy storage on a simulation-based approach.

Heidenthaler, D., Leeb, M., Schnabel, T., & Huber, H. (2021).
Comparative analysis of thermally activated building systems in wooden and concrete structures regarding functionality and energy storage on a simulation-based approach. Energy, 233.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121138

Multifunctional building envelopes

Grobbauer, M., Gnigler, M., & Moltinger, M. (2021).
Multifunctional building envelopes. Live specialist webinar on facade construction. In Live specialist webinar on facade construction. Carinthia University of Applied Sciences

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/multifunktionale-geb%C3%A4udeh%C3%BCllen-live-fach-webinar-fassadenbau/

ParaSol – Multifunctional solar-active roofing

I., P., Grobbauer, M., & Dorsch, L. (2021).
ParaSol – Multifunctional solar-active roofing. In Austrian Symposium on Photovoltaics and Electricity Storage, Vienna

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/parasol-multifunktionale-solarktive-%C3%BCberdachungen/

Twin²Sim – Test building Building envelope test rig.

Grobbauer, M., & Leeb, M. (2021).
Twin²Sim – Test building Building envelope test rig. In Facade Construction Conference 2021

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/twinsim-versuchsgeb%C3%A4ude-geb%C3%A4udeh%C3%BCllenpr%C3%BCfstand/

Publications 2019

Simulation Model for Minimal Invasive Refurbishment Approaches Through Prefabricated Multifunctional Radiant Heating Façade Elements.

Bayer, M., Karnutsch, M., Grobbauer, M., Gnigler, M., & Leeb, M. (2019).
Simulation Model for Minimal Invasive Refurbishment Approaches Through Prefabricated Multifunctional Radiant Heating Façade Elements. In Proceedings of Building Simulation 2019: 16th Conference of IBPSA (S. 1770-1777). (Building Simulation Conference Proceedings; Band 3). International Building Performance Simulation Association (IBPSA).

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/simulation-model-for-minimal-invasive-refurbishment-approaches-th/
https://doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2019.210292

Development Of A Multifunctional Façade Element For Minimal Invasive Refurbishments Of Post-War Buildings.

Bayer, M., Karnutsch, M., Grobbauer, M., Gnigler, M., Reiter, T., & Leeb, M. (2019).
Development Of A Multifunctional Façade Element For Minimal Invasive Refurbishments Of Post-War Buildings. In ASHRAE 2019 Buildings XIV International Conferen

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/development-of-a-multifunctional-fa%C3%A7ade-element-for-minimal-invas/

Hot building skins — PV in the façade.

Grobbauer, M. (2019).
Hot building skins — PV in the façade. In The Future Envelope 12, Conference on Building Envelopes, Bolzano, Italy

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/hot-building-skins-pv-in-the-fa%C3%A7ade/

Life-Cycle Costs of a Minimally Invasive Refurbishment Approach in Comparison to a Standard Refurbishment.

Heidenthaler, D., Gnigler, M., Leeb, M., Embacher, M., & Schweizer, P. (2019).
Life-Cycle Costs of a Minimally Invasive Refurbishment Approach in Comparison to a Standard Refurbishment. In SUSTAINABLE BUILT ENVIRONMENT D-A-CH CONFERENCE 2019 (SBE19 Graz) 11–14 September 2019, Graz, Austria: Conference Proceedings (IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science). IOP Publishing Ltd..

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/life-cycle-costs-of-a-minimally-invasive-refurbishment-approach-i/
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/323/1/012003

Minimal Invasive Refurbishment of Post-War Buildings with a Multifunctional Façade Element.

Bayer, M., Karnutsch, M., Gnigler, M., Reiter, T., & Leeb, M. (2019).
Minimal Invasive Refurbishment of Post-War Buildings with a Multifunctional Façade Element. In ASHRAE Topical Conference Proceedings American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.

https://pure.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/publications/minimal-invasive-refurbishment-of-post-war-buildings-with-a-multi/
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.085103014115&partnerID=40&md5=0e0edd43159ddc32403df1eba55d8ccf